Isolation Transformer

In an isolation transformer, the primary and secondary winding are parted from each other by insulation. The isolation limits the electrocution risk when simultaneously touching the active elements and earth. The isolation transformers consist of copper wires that are coiled around each other to provide the power source. Its main function is to separate the circuits from an alternative source. By using the induction loop, it splits two circuits or reduces the alternating current voltage.

The input and output power is magnetically connected since the design of the transformer is achieved using a dielectric insulation barrier. Basically, the insulation transformer isolates load into an electrical system to avoid spikes and harmonics from the power supply. In Isolation transformer, there is no direct connection between the earth and the exposed circuit section. The isolation transformer does not pose a threat when the body is grounded. It removes the electrical current, which causes injury or damage.

The common applications for an isolation transformer are computers and peripherals, remote control equipment, telecommunication and medical equipment.

Autotransformer

The auto transformer’s primary purpose is to regulate the voltage of the transmissions lines for voltage transformation. An autotransformer automatically regulates the voltage as per the load with only one winding. Such transformers allow AC currents to work efficiently as the direct current would not work.

An autotransformer consists of just one winding, and part of it serves as a secondary winding. In Autotransformer, the same winding parts serve both as the transformer’s primary and secondary sides. The autotransformer’s windings are magnetically and electrically connected. It has less leakage reaction, higher effectiveness, good power quality and less copper demand than the dual winding transformer. This type of transformer is smaller and far lighter because it needs fewer turns and a small core. The transformer is less expensive, better regulating and has low losses.

Although it has advantages compared to the traditional one, as it does not provide any electrical isolation to the load from the main power supply. The windings in different configurations can be connected to this type of transformer to increase or lower the voltage. They are mostly used in power transmission, distribution, fluorescent light fixture start-up, induction heater application, audio appliances or in railways. It is also used to enable rectifier output control and multi-tap feeding the primary.